Panel from a Buddhist Ritual Crown

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The pentagonal panel was the central leaf in a tirual crown worn ceremonially by a lama. The Tathagata (Transcendent Buddha) Vairochana, the Resplendent One, presides over the five Tathagatas, one of the most important group of deities of Esoteric Buddhism. The base of Vairochana's throne is guarded by lions, who also serve as his vehicle. Vairochana is seated in a cross-legged posture and makes his typical gesture, bodhyagri, holding a vajra (ritual thunderbolt) of a scepter topped by a vajra in his right hand. He is richly adorned with jewelry typically worn by the Transcendent Buddhas. The chakra, (wheel) above him is the sign of the particular family of powers and attributes usually associated with him. The bottom section of the painting is not covered with any design, and two holes indicate that it was probably meant to be sewn to and covered by a cloth headband that was used to attach the crown to a lama's head.This section of the crown is the earliest painted example to survive. It is spendidly preserved and beautifully executed. The long lower garment worn by Vairochana was not adopted for Buddhas until the late thirteenth century.

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