1938 Lloyd George Blames Benes Broken Pledges And Ill Treatment Of Minoritis For Czech Downfall 2
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Lloyd George: Edward Benes Broke Multiple Pledges Made in 1919 at Peace ConferenceLLOYD GEORGE BLAMES BENES FOR DOWNFALL
Claims Czech Leader Broke Pledges
After '19
After '19
TOO UNYIELDING
London (BUP) Broken pledges by Dr. Eduard
Benes, former premier and president of Czechoslovakia, are blamed for
that republic's downfall by David Lloyd George, Britain's war-time
premier, in his latest book, "The Truth About the Peace Treaties."
Benes, former premier and president of Czechoslovakia, are blamed for
that republic's downfall by David Lloyd George, Britain's war-time
premier, in his latest book, "The Truth About the Peace Treaties."
Lloyd
George declares that, when the question of handing over the Sudeten
Germans to Czechoslovakia was first discussed at the 1919 peace
conference, Dr. Benes gave definite assurances for his newborn republic
that the Germans would not be oppressed.
George declares that, when the question of handing over the Sudeten
Germans to Czechoslovakia was first discussed at the 1919 peace
conference, Dr. Benes gave definite assurances for his newborn republic
that the Germans would not be oppressed.
"It was Intended to give them
full minority rights and it was realized that it would be political
folly not to do so," Dr. Benes is quoted as saying.
full minority rights and it was realized that it would be political
folly not to do so," Dr. Benes is quoted as saying.
Written Promises - Broken
Dr.
Benes followed up his promise with a memorandum stating that it was his
government's intention to create a state on a basis of natural rights,
as in Switzerland, though he presented a note saying that special
considerations in Bohemia must be taken into account.
Benes followed up his promise with a memorandum stating that it was his
government's intention to create a state on a basis of natural rights,
as in Switzerland, though he presented a note saying that special
considerations in Bohemia must be taken into account.
Among the more
detailed pledges given by Dr. Benes at the peace conference, says Lloyd
George, were:
detailed pledges given by Dr. Benes at the peace conference, says Lloyd
George, were:
- Proportional representation for the minorities under
universal suffrage. - Equal access to the various nationalities to all
public offices. - Mixed law courts, with Germans having the right to plead
in their own language before the highest courts. - Local administration
to be carried on in the language of the local majority. - The official
language to be Czech, but in practice German to be the second language
and to be employed concurrently in administration in the courts, and in
the central parliament on an equal footing with Czech.
"Dr. Benes,"
adds Lloyd George, "presented Czechoslovakia's case with great skill and
craft"
adds Lloyd George, "presented Czechoslovakia's case with great skill and
craft"
"He (Benes) either ignored or minimized the fact .that he was claiming the
incorporation in the Czech-Slovak republic of races which, on the
principle of self-determination, would have elected to Join other
states. . . .
incorporation in the Czech-Slovak republic of races which, on the
principle of self-determination, would have elected to Join other
states. . . .
"Had the Czech leaders in time, and without waiting for
the menacing pressure of Germany, redeemed their promise to grant local
autonomy to the various races in the re public the trouble would have
been averted."
the menacing pressure of Germany, redeemed their promise to grant local
autonomy to the various races in the re public the trouble would have
been averted."
======
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The Daily Province, Vancouver BC November 29, 1938:
Lloyd George Blames Eduard Benes
Breach of Autonomy Pledges Viewed as Cause of Disaster
Breach of Autonomy Pledges Viewed as Cause of Disaster
War-time Premier Says Versailles Counil Had Grave Misgivings When State Created
The Welshman, silent during the recent Sudeten-Czech crisis, attributes
the final debacle largely to Dr. Eduard Benes.
the final debacle largely to Dr. Eduard Benes.
LONDON, Nov. 29. By an exhibition of "ineptitude and nervelessness," the
democratic countries of the world are equally responsible for the
failures of what was best and noblest in the peace treaties, Lloyd
George declares in the second volume of his latest memoirs, "The Truth
About the Peace Treaties."
democratic countries of the world are equally responsible for the
failures of what was best and noblest in the peace treaties, Lloyd
George declares in the second volume of his latest memoirs, "The Truth
About the Peace Treaties."
The book, published today, deals primarily
with the treaties imposed on Germany s allies Austria, Hungary, . Turkey
and Bulgaria.
with the treaties imposed on Germany s allies Austria, Hungary, . Turkey
and Bulgaria.
Striking back at those who attributed the post-war ills to the
framers of the peace settlement, the wartime Prime Minister caustically observes: ' "The treaties have never been given a chance by the
miscellaneous and unimpressive array of second-rate statesmen who
have handled them tor the past fifteen years." .
framers of the peace settlement, the wartime Prime Minister caustically observes: ' "The treaties have never been given a chance by the
miscellaneous and unimpressive array of second-rate statesmen who
have handled them tor the past fifteen years." .
BLAMES BENES.
Trouble could have been
averted, he says, if the Cezch leaders, without waiting for menacing
pressure from Germany, had redeemed their promises to grant local
autonomy to the various races of their republic, on the lines of the
Swiss Confederation.
averted, he says, if the Cezch leaders, without waiting for menacing
pressure from Germany, had redeemed their promises to grant local
autonomy to the various races of their republic, on the lines of the
Swiss Confederation.
"Of the many misfortunes which befell Austria in
the day of her great calamity one of the worst was that Czecho-Slovakia
was represented at the peace conference not by her wise leader, Thomas
Masaryk, but by the impulsive, clever but much less sagacious politician
who did not see that the more he grasped the less he could retain," Lloyd George writes.
the day of her great calamity one of the worst was that Czecho-Slovakia
was represented at the peace conference not by her wise leader, Thomas
Masaryk, but by the impulsive, clever but much less sagacious politician
who did not see that the more he grasped the less he could retain," Lloyd George writes.
The result was recognition of a polyglot,
incoherent state and the incorporation of hundreds of thousands of protesting Magyars and
some millions of angry Germans. .
incoherent state and the incorporation of hundreds of thousands of protesting Magyars and
some millions of angry Germans. .
The angrier they
became the less consideration they received from the Czech government.
became the less consideration they received from the Czech government.
The former Premier admits the council of four had grave misgivings
about the composition of the new Czech state and its hesitant consent
was given only after accepting Dr. Benes assurance of the Czech desire
to establish happy, united nation..
about the composition of the new Czech state and its hesitant consent
was given only after accepting Dr. Benes assurance of the Czech desire
to establish happy, united nation..
"No peace settlement has ever
emancipated as many subjugated nationalities from the grip of foreign
tyranny as that of 1919," he adds.
emancipated as many subjugated nationalities from the grip of foreign
tyranny as that of 1919," he adds.
"We won freedom for nations that had
not the slightest hope of it. . . . And now we have the greatest trouble
to keep them from annexing territory of other nations and imposing upon
them the tyranny which they them selves have endured for centuries. It
fills me with despair, a man who has fought all his life for little
nations."
not the slightest hope of it. . . . And now we have the greatest trouble
to keep them from annexing territory of other nations and imposing upon
them the tyranny which they them selves have endured for centuries. It
fills me with despair, a man who has fought all his life for little
nations."
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